Does a Period Typewriter Make MJ 12 Authentic?

Introduction

The typewriter argument over the alleged MJ-12 documents is narrower than it is sometimes made to sound. A typeface that did not exist in 1947 or 1952 would be powerful evidence against a document carrying those dates. But the reverse does not follow: showing that the lettering could have been produced by a typewriter available in the 1940s merely removes one possible anachronism. It does not demonstrate that the sheet was actually typed then, inside the White House, or anywhere else in government.

That distinction is especially important for the original MJ-12 material because researchers did not receive the purported government originals. They received photographs on anonymously mailed 35 mm film. The Government Accountability Office (GAO) later reported that federal agencies found no evidence that the circulated MJ-12 material constituted documents originating in the executive branch.[Government Accountability Office]gao.govGovernment Accountability Office[Comments on Majestic 12 Material] | U.S. GAOJuly 28, 1995…Published: July 28, 1995 Typography can therefore test compatibility with a claimed period, but it cannot repair the missing chain of custody.

Claims that the typography was anachronistic

One of the strongest-looking objections to the MJ-12 papers concerned the purported 24 September 1947 Truman-to-Forrestal memorandum, reproduced as an attachment to the Eisenhower briefing material. The dispute centred on whether its typewriting came from a machine or type design introduced only years after 1947.

Philip J. Klass reported in Skeptical Inquirer that questioned-document examiner Peter Tytell had identified the typeface as belonging to a Smith-Corona machine that first appeared in 1963. If correct, that finding would be devastating: a document could not have been typed in September 1947 on a machine first available more than 15 years later. Klass also reported that Tytell had examined the disputed Truman signature and regarded it as a transplanted reproduction of Truman’s signature on an authentic 1 October 1947 letter to Vannevar Bush.[Skeptical Inquirer]skepticalinquirer.orgSkeptical Inquirer SKEPTICALINQUIRER Vol. 14 No. 2/Winter 1990 $6June 27, 2006…Published: June 27, 2006

Later accounts of Tytell’s conclusion are not completely uniform about the precise Smith-Corona identification and date. Kevin Randle, who spoke with Tytell, reported the more specific recollection that the face was most consistent with a Smith-Corona P102 used after 1966.[Scribd]scribd.comKevin D. RandleKevin D. Randle - Case MJ-12 - The True Story Behind The Governments's UFO Conspiracies-Speaking Volumes, LLC (2018) | PDF | Securi… That variation is a reason not to present the model identification as an uncontested laboratory result. Stanton Friedman, the leading defender of the original MJ-12 documents, emphasised that Tytell’s judgement was informal and that no formal written examination report had been produced.[The Black Vault]theblackvault.comThe Black Vault Update on Operation Majestic 12 DocumentsThe Black VaultUpdate on Operation Majestic 12 Documents - The Black Vault Case FilesJanuary 17, 2024…Published: January 17, 2024

There was a related but distinct dispute over the typeface of the 1954 Cutler-Twining memorandum. Klass had argued from samples that its pica typography was inconsistent with National Security Council material of the period. Friedman searched the Eisenhower Library and produced numerous authentic period memoranda that he said met the relevant pica criteria; contemporary correspondence records him saying that Klass paid the agreed $1,000 after Friedman supplied qualifying examples.[UFO Magazine Archive]ufomagazines.comUFO Magazine Archive JUST CAUSE — Just CauseUFO Magazine ArchiveJUST CAUSE — Just Cause - New Series | UFO Magazine ArchiveSeptember 1, 1989…Published: September 1, 1989

That episode is useful because it shows exactly what a successful typewriter rebuttal can accomplish. If authentic 1950s government documents exhibit the supposedly impossible type style, the claim of typographical impossibility fails. It does not follow that the disputed MJ-12 document is genuine. Indeed, the National Archives lists independent problems with the Cutler-Twining memorandum: its filing context is anomalous, searches found no supporting MJ-12 records, and Robert Cutler was overseas on the date he supposedly issued it.[National Archives]archives.govNational Archives Project BLUE BOOKNational ArchivesProject BLUE BOOK - Unidentified Flying Objects | National ArchivesJune 25, 2024…Published: June 25, 2024

The Underwood comparison cited by defenders

The most direct answer to the late-Smith-Corona allegation came years later. Robert Wood commissioned questioned-document examiner James A. Black to examine the Truman-Forrestal memorandum’s typography. In a letter dated 13 November 1998, Black concluded that the visible portions of its type font were consistent with an Underwood Standard and matched an exemplar produced by an Underwood Standard in May 1940.[Medium]medium.comBook Review: Kevin D. Randle’s CASE MJ-12: THE TRUE STORY BEHIND THE GOVERNMENT’S UFO CONSPIRACIES | by Richard Geldreich, Jr. | Ph…

For defenders such as Friedman, this mattered because an Underwood capable of producing the relevant characters before 1947 directly challenged the simple argument that the typography must have originated in the 1960s. Friedman subsequently cited Black’s examination when rejecting the assertion that the memorandum necessarily used a 1963 typeface.[The UFO Chronicles]theufochronicles.comThe UFO Chronicles Bird Droppings and MJ-12, Stanton Friedman RespondsThe UFO Chronicles Bird Droppings and MJ-12, Stanton Friedman Responds

Black’s conclusion should nevertheless be stated precisely. It was a conclusion about the compatibility of visible type characteristics with a period machine. The surviving material available to MJ-12 researchers was not the purported original Truman memorandum with an independently documented history. The initial material had arrived photographically, on film from an unidentified sender. A finding that photographed characters resemble output from an Underwood Standard is consequently different from demonstrating that a particular historical Underwood produced an original sheet in Truman’s administration.

Black’s examination also illustrates why document authentication cannot sensibly be reduced to one typographical feature. According to the published account of his findings, although he regarded the typing as compatible with the Underwood exemplar, he considered the Truman signature most likely to be a reproduction because of characteristics of its reproduced line.[Medium]medium.comBook Review: Kevin D. Randle’s CASE MJ-12: THE TRUE STORY BEHIND THE GOVERNMENT’S UFO CONSPIRACIES | by Richard Geldreich, Jr. | Ph… In other words, the same examination cited to defend the period compatibility of the typing did not convert the document as a whole into an authenticated original.

Why period compatibility cannot date a photographed page

Forensic document examination itself supplies the key distinction. Typewriting contains both class characteristics and potentially individual characteristics. Class characteristics can help an examiner determine such matters as type style, spacing, manufacturer or possible machine family. Individual characteristics can arise from wear, damaged type, alignment defects and other peculiarities of a particular machine. ASTM’s standard guide for typewritten-item examination accordingly covers comparisons between questioned material and known material and procedures for obtaining exemplars from actual typewriters.[ASTM Store]store.astm.orgOpen source on astm.org.

That means there are several very different propositions that can easily be blurred together in the MJ-12 debate:

The photographic form of the MJ-12 evidence makes the distinction sharper. FBI guidance has long recognised that a good true-size photograph or photocopy can sometimes suffice to determine the make or spacing of type, while ordinarily being inadequate for identification against a particular machine because minute defects and indentations may not survive reproduction. For that stronger comparison, the original questioned document is preferable.[FBI: Law Enforcement Bulletin]leb.fbi.govfebruary 1967february 1967Published: february 1967 Modern FBI material likewise treats typewriting examinations as comparisons of questioned and known materials, including typewriter components, rather than as a method that automatically assigns a calendar date to typed text.[FBI Lab Vault]fbilabqsd.fbi.govLab Vault Questioned Documents — FBI Lab VaultLab Vault Questioned Documents — FBI Lab Vault

This matters greatly for MJ-12. Suppose, for the sake of argument, that Black’s Underwood comparison is completely correct. It would establish that a typewriter capable of producing the observed class characteristics existed by 1940. But an Underwood made before the Second World War could still be obtained and used in 1950, 1960, 1984 or later. Old typewriter technology does not cease to function when a decade ends. A modern fabricator possessing a suitable vintage machine could therefore create text that passes the basic test of period compatibility.

The anonymous film adds another layer. With no original sheet, investigators could not straightforwardly examine the paper, its watermark, typing impressions, ribbon transfer, erasures, corrections, ink relationships or other physical relationships that might distinguish an old original from a later production photographed to resemble one. FBI laboratory practice explicitly treats paper comparisons, watermark searches, typewriting examinations, photocopier examinations and document-age questions as distinct forms of questioned-document work.[FBI Lab Vault]fbilabqsd.fbi.govLab Vault Questioned Documents — FBI Lab VaultLab Vault Questioned Documents — FBI Lab Vault A typeface match cannot substitute for all of them.

Reproduction also matters because copies can preserve some useful characteristics while obscuring others. Forensic research on photocopied material shows that copying introduces its own evidential layer: toner, copier defects and reproduction artefacts may become relevant, while details of the source document may be degraded.[Office of Justice Programs]ojp.govOpen source on ojp.gov. In the MJ-12 case, researchers were another generation removed because the disputed pages were encountered through photographic images rather than through uncontested originals.

Compatibility is an exclusion test, not a provenance test

The fairest reading of the typewriter controversy is therefore asymmetrical. An unequivocally post-1947 typeface on the Truman-Forrestal memorandum would be strong falsifying evidence. Evidence that a matching Underwood typeface existed in 1940 answers that particular accusation of impossibility, but it does not provide equivalent positive evidence for a 1947 origin.

This is a familiar logical difference in authentication work. A historical document can fail because it contains something that could not yet have existed. Passing that test merely keeps it in consideration. A purported 1947 memorandum also needs evidence that positively ties it to 1947: a trustworthy archival location, contemporary registration or filing information, an accountable custody history, corroborating copies or references, or physical features whose dating is meaningful and resistant to later reproduction.

For the anonymously filmed MJ-12 papers, those stronger forms of provenance are precisely what remain missing. GAO’s 1995 inquiry found that the Information Security Oversight Office, Air Force and National Archives knew the MJ-12 material through submissions from non-governmental sources, and that there was no evidence the circulated material represented actual executive-branch documents. Searches of relevant archival holdings also failed to find material fitting the MJ-12 description.[Government Accountability Office]gao.govGovernment Accountability Office[Comments on Majestic 12 Material] | U.S. GAOJuly 28, 1995…Published: July 28, 1995 The National Archives similarly reports extensive negative searches of Air Force, Joint Chiefs, presidential-library and National Security Council records for the claimed project.[National Archives]archives.govNational Archives Project BLUE BOOKNational ArchivesProject BLUE BOOK - Unidentified Flying Objects | National ArchivesJune 25, 2024…Published: June 25, 2024

The typewriter evidence should therefore be used for what it can genuinely tell us. The Underwood comparison is relevant because it weakens a categorical claim that the Truman-Forrestal typography was technologically impossible in 1947. It cannot tell us who typed the page, where it was typed, whether the photographed sheet existed in 1947, when it entered government custody, or whether it ever entered government custody at all. In the MJ-12 provenance mystery, a period-compatible typewriter clears one hurdle; it does not establish the document’s origin.

Amazon book picks

Further Reading

Books and field guides related to Does a Period Typewriter Make MJ 12 Authentic?. Use these as the next step if you want deeper reading beyond the article.

Book

Top Secret/Majic: Operation Majestic-12 and the United States...

By Stanton T. Friedman

Top Secret/Majic is the result of nuclear physicist and renowned UFO investigator Stanton T. Friedman's twenty-one year search for the tr...

See on Amazon

Book

Scientific Examination of Questioned Documents

By Ordway Hilton

Disputed document inquiries encompass extensive and varied technical examinations, unique phases of investigation, and specialized legal...

See on Amazon

Book

Forensic Document Examination: Principles and Practice

By Katherine M. Koppenhaver

This book introduces the reader to the basic principles of handwriting and the factors that affect their development. The book discusses...

See on Amazon

Book

The UFO Cover-Up: What the Government Won't Say

By Lawrence Fawcett

See on Amazon

Browse more on Amazon:Top Secret/Majic: Operation Majestic 12 and the United States Government's UFO Cover upScientific Examination of Questioned DocumentsForensic Document Examination: Principles and Practice

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

eBay marketplace picks

Marketplace Samples

Live-tested eBay searches with available results related to this page.

Shop location

UsingUSA USA USAUKCanadaAustraliaIreland

Selected fromUFO poster oneBay.co.uk.

Current eBay listing

VINTAGE UFO ABDUCTION ILLUSTRATION FRAMED WALL ART PICTURE POSTER PRINT

GBP 11.99 | Free shippingNewSeller: canvas monkey (99.8% positive)Ships from: GB

View listing on eBay

Current eBay listing

Retro Framed UFO Flying Saucers Art Print Poster Wall Art In Great Condition A3

GBP 21.50 | Shipping GBP 5.15NewSeller: robar 499043 (100.0% positive)Ships from: GB

View listing on eBay

Current eBay listing

COOL FLYING UFO IN FOREST LANDSCAPE FRAMED WALL ART PICTURE POSTER PRINT

GBP 39.99 | Free shippingNewSeller: canvas monkey (99.8% positive)Ships from: GB

View listing on eBay

Current eBay listing

VINTAGE UFO FLYING SAUCERS COMIC ADVERTISING A2 POSTER PRINT

GBP 10.76 | Free shippingNewSeller: andys-prints-uk (99.6% positive)Ships from: GB

View listing on eBay

Browse more oneBay.co.uk

Example items shown for inspiration; availability and pricing can change. Branchoria may earn a commission if you purchase through outbound eBay links.

Endnotes

1. Source: gao.gov
Link:https://www.gao.gov/products/154832

Published: July 28, 1995

2. Source: scribd.com
Title: Kevin D. Randle
Link:https://www.scribd.com/document/798430882/Kevin-D-Randle-Case-MJ-12-the-True-Story-Behind-the-Governments-s-UFO-Conspiracies-Speaking-Volumes-LLC-2018

3. Source: archives.gov
Title: National Archives Project BLUE BOOK
Link:https://www.archives.gov/research/military/air-force/ufos

Published: June 25, 2024

4. Source: medium.com
Link:https://medium.com/stanton-friedmans-articles/book-review-kevin-d-randles-case-mj-12-the-true-story-behind-the-government-s-ufo-conspiracies-9e06f4e82250

5. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/e2494-07.html

6. Source: leb.fbi.gov
Title: february 1967
Link:https://leb.fbi.gov/file-repository/archives/february-1967.pdf
Published: february 1967

7. Source: fbilabqsd.fbi.gov
Title: Lab Vault Questioned Documents — FBI Lab Vault
Link:https://fbilabqsd.fbi.gov/file-repository/questioned-documents

8. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/april2001/held.htm

9. Source: medium.com
Link:https://medium.com/stanton-friedmans-articles/update-on-operation-majestic-12-documents-ed2df58fd8a1

10. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/e1732-22.html

11. Source: store.astm.org
Title: workitem wk83694
Link:https://store.astm.org/workitem-wk83694

12. Source: standard.net
Link:https://www.standard.net/opinion/2022/aug/28/barone-in-systemically-racist-america-lots-of-whites-vote-for-blacks/

13. Source: store.astm.org
Title: e1732 18b
Link:https://store.astm.org/e1732-18b.html

14. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/e2195-09.html

15. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/e2290-03.html

16. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/e2290-07.html

17. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/e2494-08.html

18. Source: archives.gov
Link:https://www.archives.gov/preservation/formats/negatives.html

19. Source: fr.scribd.com
Title: UFOmania No 76
Link:https://fr.scribd.com/document/730201850/UFOmania-No-76

20. Source: store.astm.org
Title: e2195 02e01
Link:https://store.astm.org/e2195-02e01.html

21. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/e2287-08.html

22. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Title: qdu 040909
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/stories/2009/april/qdu_040909

23. Source: obamawhitehouse.archives.gov
Title: a130appendix ii
Link:https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/omb/circulars/a130/a130appendix_ii.html

24. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/april2000/swgdoc3.htm

25. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/oct1999/abstrctf.htm

26. Source: ro.scribd.com
Link:https://ro.scribd.com/document/472644084/196986

27. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/jfs13360j.html

28. Source: store.astm.org
Link:https://store.astm.org/jfs10355j.html

29. Source: vault.fbi.gov
Link:https://vault.fbi.gov/search?SearchableText=Majestic

30. Source: vault.fbi.gov
Link:https://vault.fbi.gov/unexplained-phenomenon//search

31. Source: vault.fbi.gov
Link:https://vault.fbi.gov/search?SearchableText=blue+book&amp=&b_start%3Aint=870

32. Source: fbi.gov
Link:https://www.fbi.gov/video-repository/inside-the-fbi-ufos-102921.mp4/view

33. Source: vault.fbi.gov
Link:https://vault.fbi.gov/Majestic%2012/Majestic%2012%20Part%2001%20%28Final%29/view

34. Source: le.fbi.gov
Title: scientific analysis
Link:https://le.fbi.gov/science-and-lab/scientific-analysis

35. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/oct1999/posters2.htm

36. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Title: fbi laboratory 2005 report
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/lab-annual-report-2005/fbi-laboratory-2005-report

37. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/oct2007/research/2007_10_research01_test4.htm

38. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/april2000/swgdoc2.htm

39. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Title: fbi laboratory 2006 report
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/lab-annual-report-2006/fbi-laboratory-2006-report

40. Source: archives.fbi.gov
Link:https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/april2000/swgdoc1.htm

41. Source: scribd.com
Link:https://www.scribd.com/document/34316174/The-Official-Alien-Abductees-Handbook

42. Source: es.scribd.com
Title: Entrevista Al Coronel Philip Corso
Link:https://es.scribd.com/doc/227424671/Entrevista-Al-Coronel-Philip-Corso

43. Source: scribd.com
Link:https://www.scribd.com/document/1606041/Majestic-12

44. Source: scribd.com
Link:https://www.scribd.com/document/433549012/TypeOlivetti-MariaRamos

45. Source: typewriter.wiki
Link:https://typewriter.wiki/index.php/Underwood

46. Source: obama.artifacts.archives.gov
Title: photocopy of letter from president ho chi minh to president
Link:https://obama.artifacts.archives.gov/objects/34471/photocopy-of-letter-from-president-ho-chi-minh-to-president

47. Source: obama.artifacts.archives.gov
Title: a new day hope
Link:https://obama.artifacts.archives.gov/objects/21282/a-new-day-hope

48. Source: obamawhitehouse.archives.gov
Title: fedreg gpea2
Link:https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/omb/fedreg_gpea2/

49. Source: visit.archives.gov
Title: behind ink declaration independence
Link:https://visit.archives.gov/whats-on/explore-exhibits/behind-ink-declaration-independence

50. Source: clintonwhitehouse3.archives.gov
Link:https://clintonwhitehouse3.archives.gov/omb/fedreg/gpea2.html

51. Source: obama.artifacts.archives.gov
Title: photocopy of letter from president ho chi minh to president
Link:https://obama.artifacts.archives.gov/objects/34471/photocopy-of-letter-from-president-ho-chi-minh-to-president?ctx=eb14b6794a72fb439b7da3a7425e5697205631be&idx=134

52. Source: obamawhitehouse.archives.gov
Title: fedreg gpea
Link:https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/omb/fedreg_gpea

53. Source: obama.artifacts.archives.gov
Title: photocopy of letter from president ho chi minh to president
Link:https://obama.artifacts.archives.gov/objects/34471/photocopy-of-letter-from-president-ho-chi-minh-to-president?ctx=d5547c8ca733e1b86095f97453c2925eeef3bcda&idx=4

54. Source: obama.artifacts.archives.gov
Title: the health and life extension metabolic pathway
Link:https://obama.artifacts.archives.gov/objects/32517/the-health-and-life-extension-metabolic-pathway

56. Source: scribd.com
Title: Commercial Teacher Training Program | PDF | Shorthand | Hand
Link:https://www.scribd.com/document/796167787/Business-Educator-31-Zane

57. Source: skepticalinquirer.org
Title: Skeptical Inquirer SKEPTICAL
Link:https://skepticalinquirer.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2019/03/Issue-02-12.pdf

Published: June 27, 2006

58. Source: theblackvault.com
Title: The Black Vault Update on Operation Majestic 12 Documents
Link:https://www.theblackvault.com/casefiles/update-on-operation-majestic-12-documents/

Published: January 17, 2024

59. Source: ufomagazines.com
Title: UFO Magazine Archive JUST CAUSE — Just Cause
Link:https://www.ufomagazines.com/just-cause-new-series-just-cause-1989-09-no-21-new-series/

Published: September 1, 1989

60. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: The UFO Chronicles Bird Droppings and MJ-12, Stanton Friedman Responds
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2009/04/bird-droppings-and-mj-12-stanton.html

61. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/defect-marks-and-identification-photocopying-machines

62. Source: wikidisc.org
Title: Majestic 12 documents | Wiki Disc
Link:https://www.wikidisc.org/wiki/Majestic_12_documents

63. Source: theblackvault.com
Title: FB I File: Majestic-12
Link:https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/majestic-12/

64. Source: theblackvault.com
Title: FB I Files: The Paranormal Collection
Link:https://www.theblackvault.com/documentarchive/fbi-files-the-paranormal-collection/

65. Source: theblackvault.com
Title: Debunkers At It Again
Link:https://www.theblackvault.com/casefiles/debunkers-at-it-again/

66. Source: theblackvault.com
Title: new majestic 12 mj 12 briefing documents released june 2017
Link:https://www.theblackvault.com/casefiles/new-majestic-12-mj-12-briefing-documents-released-june-2017/
Published: june 2017

67. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: The Majestic Documents: A Forensic Linguistic Report (Pt 1)
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2014/11/the-majestic-documents-forensic.html?showComment=1415236824029

68. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: The Majestic Documents: A Forensic Linguistic Report (Pt 1)
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2014/11/the-majestic-documents-forensic.html?showComment=1415301297753

69. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: M J-12: No Proof that TF, CT, or EBD Documents are Fraudulent, Argues Friedman
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2014/10/mj-12-no-proof-that-tf-ct-or-ebd.html

70. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: the greatest enemy of ufo community is
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2014/10/the-greatest-enemy-of-ufo-community-is.html

71. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: M J-12: The Hoax That Quickly Became a Disinformation Operation
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2014/10/mj-12-hoax-that-quickly-became.html

72. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: the myth of mj 12 appendix pt 3
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2014/06/the-myth-of-mj-12-appendix-pt-3.html

73. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: the myth of mj 12 appendix pt 2
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2014/06/the-myth-of-mj-12-appendix-pt-2.html

74. Source: lurch2.blogspot.com
Title: majestic 12
Link:https://lurch2.blogspot.com/2013/09/majestic-12.html

75. Source: theufochronicles.com
Title: part one on road to roswell 2007
Link:https://www.theufochronicles.com/2007/05/part-one-on-road-to-roswell-2007.html

76. Source: phatsoheff.tripod.com
Link:https://phatsoheff.tripod.com/ufo.html

77. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/soft-fonts-its-not-kansas-and-we-arent-picking-daisies-anymore

78. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/identification-typewritten-documents

79. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/computer-assisted-identification-color-photocopiers

80. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/current-study-questionable-reliability-photocopied-documents

81. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/forensic-document-examination-more-meets-naked-eye

82. Source: ojp.gov
Title: Scientific Examination of Questioned Documents
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/scientific-examination-questioned-documents-revised-edition

83. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/problems-identification-typewriter-makes-and-models

84. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/identification-photocopiers-fusing-roller-defects

85. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/examination-typewritten-document

86. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/document-examination-worksheet-design-and-use

87. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/improvement-pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-differentiation-photocopy

88. Source: ojp.gov
Link:https://ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/classification-photocopies-pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-mass

89. Source: ojp.gov
Title: questioned document examination forensic sciences chapter 39 1981
Link:https://ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/questioned-document-examination-forensic-sciences-chapter

90. Source: ufomagazines.com
Title: Just Cause — Just Cause
Link:https://www.ufomagazines.com/just-cause-new-series-just-cause-1987-09-no-13-new-series/

91. Source: uapcodex.org
Title: majestic 12 documents
Link:https://uapcodex.org/cases/majestic-12-documents/

92. Source: col2.com
Title: operation majestic 12
Link:https://col2.com/operation-majestic-12

93. Source: internationalflyingsaucerbureau.com
Title: Majestic 12
Link:https://www.internationalflyingsaucerbureau.com/majestic-12/

94. Source: sacred-texts.com
Link:https://sacred-texts.com/ufo/mj12_04.htm

95. Source: forensicsciencesimplified.org
Title: Forensic Document Examination
Link:https://www.forensicsciencesimplified.org/docs/index.htm

96. Source: sleuthsayers.org
Link:https://www.sleuthsayers.org/search/label/family

97. Source: en.wikisource.org
Title: MJ 12 Document
Link:https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/MJ-12_Document

98. Source: alien-facts.com
Title: Majestic 12 Document
Link:https://alien-facts.com/majestic-12-document

99. Source: disclosdex.com
Title: Majestic 12 | Disclosdex
Link:https://disclosdex.com/organizations/majestic-12

100. Source: law.cornell.edu
Link:https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/149/224

Additional References

101. Source: youtube.com
Title: Typewriter Principle of working || Forensic Document Analysis
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fixjDxHlMkY

102. Source: youtube.com
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogJplVuElLs

103. Source: youtube.com
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGSJcLIpRKM

104. Source: nist.gov
Link:https://www.nist.gov/image/questioned-handwriting-and-known-samples

105. Source: youtube.com
Title: Ross Coulthart asks: Did JFK know about UFOs? | Reality Check
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VHdP_DdAUs

106. Source: electronicsandbooks.com
Title: MUFON UFO Journal March 2004
Link:https://electronicsandbooks.com/edt/manual/Magazine/M/MUFON%20UFO%20Journal/MUFON%20UFO%20Journal%20-%20March%202004.pdf

Published: March 2004

107. Source: researchgate.net
Link:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338710469What_forensic_information_does_a_photocopier_reproduction_convey-is_it_suitable_and_sufficient_to_lead_an_expert_to_a_definite_conclusion_Analytical_review_and_evaluation_of_various_identification_fe

108. Source: forensicsciencesimplified.org
Link:https://www.forensicsciencesimplified.org/csi/glossary.html

109. Source: forensicsciencesimplified.org
Link:https://www.forensicsciencesimplified.org/digital/how.html

110. Source: ebsco.com
Link:https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/science/document-examination-criminal-investigations